WEDNESDAY 03 MARCH

St. Katharine Drexel (1858 – 1955)

She was born in Philadelphia to a rich banking family. In 1891, at the age of 33, she founded the Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament, an order dedicated to mission work among Indians and black people. (A survey of the situation in the United States at this time described “250,000 Indians neglected, if not practically abandoned, and over nine million of negroes still struggling through the aftermath of slavery”). She spent her entire life and her entire fortune to this work, opening schools, founding a university, and funding many chapels, convents and monasteries. She died on 3 March 1955, by which time there were more than 500 Sisters teaching in 63 schools throughout the United States.

Violet

Entrance Antiphon:  Cf. Ps 37: 22-23

Forsake me not, O Lord! My God, be not far from me! Make haste and come to my help, O Lord, my strong salvation!

 

Collect

Keep your family, O Lord, schooled always in good works, and so comfort them with your protection here as to lead them graciously to gifts on high. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading: Jeremiah 18:18-20

‘Come on,’ they said, ‘let us concoct a plot against Jeremiah; the priest will not run short of instruction without him, nor the sage of advice, nor the prophet of the word. Come on, let us hit at him with his own tongue; let us listen carefully to every word he says.’ Listen to me, O Lord, hear what my adversaries are saying. Should evil be returned for good? For they are digging a pit for me. Remember how I stood in your presence to plead on their behalf, to turn your wrath away from them.

 

Psalm 30 (31):5-6, 14-16

R/     Save me in your love, O Lord.

 

1. Release me from the snares they have hidden for you are my refuge, Lord. Into your hands I commend my spirit. It is you who will redeem me, Lord.

2. I have heard the slander of the crowd, fear is all around me, as they plot together against me, as they plan to take my life.

3. But as for me, I trust in you, Lord; I say: ‘You are my God. My life is in your hands, deliver me from the hands of those who hate me.’

 

Gospel Acclamation: cf.Jn. 6:63, 68

Glory to you, O Christ, you are the Word of God! Your words are spirit, Lord, and they are life; you have the message of eternal life. Glory to you, O Christ, you are the Word of God!

 

Gospel: Matthew 20:17-28

Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, and on the way he took the Twelve to one side and said to them, ‘Now we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man is about to be handed over to the chief priests and scribes. They will condemn him to death and will hand him over to the pagans to be mocked and scourged and crucified; and on the third day he will rise again.’ Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came with her sons to make a request of him, and bowed low; and he said to her, ‘What is it you want?’ She said to him, ‘Promise that these two sons of mine may sit one at your right hand and the other at your left in your kingdom.’ ‘You do not know what you are asking,’ Jesus answered. ‘Can you drink the cup that I am going to drink?’ They replied, ‘We can.’ ‘Very well,’ he said, ‘you shall drink my cup, but as for seats at my right hand and my left, these are not mine to grant; they belong to those to whom they have been allotted by my Father.’ When the other ten heard this they were indignant with the two brothers. But Jesus called them to him and said, ‘You know that among the pagans the rulers lord it over them, and their great men make their authority felt. This is not to happen among you. No; anyone who wants to be great among you must be your servant, and anyone who wants to be first among you must be your slave, just as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.’

 

Prayer over the Offerings

Look with favour, Lord, on the sacrificial gifts we offer you, and by this holy exchange undo the bonds of our sins. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Communion Antiphon: Mt 20: 28

The Son of Man did not come to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.

 

Prayer after Communion

Grant, we pray, O Lord our God, that what you have given us as the pledge of immortality may work for our eternal salvation. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Prayer over the People

Bestow upon your servants, Lord, abundance of grace and p rotection; grant health of mind and body; grant fullness of fraternal charity, and make them always devoted to you. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

Meditation

One thing which destroys us is the desire to be noticed at almost all levels of our lives. We want to be seen to have done something significant and, of course, be applauded by all. That is why the other apostles were indignant at the attitude of James and John. Could they be blamed for being led to Jesus by their mother? When we seek attention, there is the tendency to forget our primary function. Recognition is for this passing world, so let us all focus and gaze on God and His grandeur which is heaven, our reward.

TUESDAY 02 MARCH

St. Chad (d. 672)

MEMORIAL OF THE BVM

Chad was born in Northumbria, one of four brothers, all of whom became priests. He was educated under St Aidan and partly in Ireland. Chad was outstanding for his humility and simplicity of life. He died of the plague on 2 March 672.

Violet

Entrance Antiphon :  Cf. Ps 12: 4-5

Give light to my eyes lest I fall asleep in death, lest my enemy say: I have overcome him.

 

Collect

Guard your Church, we pray, O Lord, in your unceasing mercy, and, since without you mortal humanity is sure to fall, may we be kept by your constant helps from all harm and directed to all that brings salvation. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading : Isaiah 1:10,16-20

Hear the word of the Lord, you rulers of Sodom; listen to the command of our God, you people of Gomorrah. Wash, make yourselves clean. Take your wrong-doing out of my sight. Cease to do evil. Learn to do good, search for justice, help the oppressed, be just to the orphan, plead for the widow. ‘Come now, let us talk this over, says the Lord. Though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red as crimson, they shall be like wool. If you are willing to obey, you shall eat the good things of the earth. But if you persist in rebellion, the sword shall eat you instead.’

 

Psalm 49(50):8-9,16-17,21,23

R/ I will show God’s salvation to the upright.

 

1.      ‘I find no fault with your sacrifices, your offerings are always before me. I do not ask more bullocks from your farms, nor goats from among your herds.

2.      ‘But how can you recite my commandments and take my covenant on your lips, you who despise my law and throw my words to the winds,

3.      ‘You do this, and should I keep silence? Do you think that I am like you? A sacrifice of thanksgiving honours me and I will show God’s salvation to the upright.’

 

Gospel Acclamation: Mt4:17

Glory and praise to you, O Christ! Repent, says the Lord, for the kingdom of heaven is close at hand. Glory and praise to you, O Christ!

 

Gospel : Matthew 23:1-12

Addressing the people and his disciples Jesus said, ‘The scribes and the Pharisees occupy the chair of Moses. You must therefore do what they tell you and listen to what they say; but do not be guided by what they do: since they do not practise what they preach. They tie up heavy burdens and lay them on men’s shoulders, but will they lift a finger to move them? Not they! Everything they do is done to attract attention, like wearing broader phylacteries and longer tassels, like wanting to take the place of honour at banquets and the front seats in the synagogues, being greeted obsequiously in the market squares and having people call them Rabbi. You, however, must not allow yourselves to be called Rabbi, since you have only one master, and you are all brothers. You must call no one on earth your father, since you have only one Father, and he is in heaven. Nor must you allow yourselves to be called teachers, for you have only one Teacher, the Christ. The greatest among you must be your servant. Anyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and anyone who humbles himself will be exalted.’

 

Prayer over the Offerings

Be pleased to work your sanctification within us by means of these mysteries, O Lord, and by it may we be cleansed of earthly faults and led to the gifts of heaven. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Communion Antiphon : Ps 9: 2-3

I will recount all your wonders. I will rejoice in you and be glad, and sing psalms to your name, O Most High.

 

Prayer after Communion

May the refreshment of this sacred table,  O Lord, we pray, bring us an increase in devoutness of life and the constant help of your work of conciliation. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Prayer over the People

Graciously hear the cries of your faithful, O Lord, and relieve the weariness of their souls, that, having received your forgiveness, they may ever rejoice in your blessing. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

Meditation

Our authority must come from our submission to the teachings of charity and service and not from titles, as many think. Many of us today cling to titles and positions of honour, but forget too soon that respect is earned and not demanded. Christian leadership must follow the path Christ took; he led by serving others and giving them his time and love. To be a leader, lead by example and not by command. Even though we have to respect our leaders, we need to do so consciously so that we do not imitate their bad examples.

MONDAY 01 MARCH

St. David (520 – 589)

The earliest account of the life of St David dates from five centuries after his death in 589. He became abbot and bishop at Mynyw. He is credited with a monastic rule and also with a Penitentiary.

Violet

Entrance Antiphon :  Cf. Ps 25: 11-12

Redeem me, O Lord, and have mercy on me. My foot stands on level ground; I will bless the Lord in the assembly.

 

Collect

O God, who have taught us to chasten our bodies for the healing of our souls, enable us, we pray, to abstain from all sins, and strengthen our hearts to carry out your loving commands. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading :  Daniel 9:4-10

O Lord, God great and to be feared, you keep the covenant and have kindness for those who love you and keep your commandments: we have sinned, we have done wrong, we have acted wickedly, we have betrayed your commandments and your ordinances and turned away from them. We have not listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, our ancestors, and to all the people of the land. Integrity, Lord, is yours; ours the look of shame we wear today, we, the people of Judah, the citizens of Jerusalem, the whole of Israel, near and far away, in every country to which you have dispersed us because of the treason we have committed against you. To us, Lord, the look of shame belongs, to our kings, our princes, our ancestors, because we have sinned against you. To the Lord our God mercy and pardon belong, because we have betrayed him, and have not listened to the voice of the Lord our God nor followed the laws he has given us through his servants the prophets.

 

Psalm 78 (79):8-9, 11, 13

R/     Do not treat us according to our sins, O Lord.

 

1.      Do not hold the guilt of our fathers against us. Let your compassion hasten to meet us; we are left in the depths of distress.

2.      God our saviour, come to our help. Come for the sake of the glory of your name. O Lord our God, forgive us our sins; rescue us for the sake of your name.

3.      Let the groans of the prisoners come before you; let your strong arm reprieve those condemned to die. But we, your people, the flock of your pasture, will give you thanks for ever and ever. We will tell your praise from age to age.

 

Gospel Acclamation: Jn 6:63, 68

Praise and honour to you, Lord Jesus! The seed is the word of God, Christ the sower; whoever finds this seed will remain for ever. Praise and honour to you, Lord Jesus!

 

Gospel: Luke: 6:36-38

Jesus said to his disciples: ‘Be compassionate as your Father is compassionate. Do not judge, and you will not be judged yourselves; do not condemn, and you will not be condemned yourselves; grant pardon, and you will be pardoned. Give, and there will be gifts for you: a full measure, pressed down, shaken together, and running over, will be poured into your lap; because the amount you measure out is the amount you will be given back.’

 

Prayer over the Offerings

Accept in your goodness these our prayers, O Lord, and set free from worldly attractions those you allow to serve the heavenly mysteries. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Communion Antiphon : Lk. 6: 36

Be merciful, as your Father is merciful, says the Lord.

 

Prayer after Communion

May this Communion, O Lord, cleanse us of wrongdoing and make us heirs to the joy of heaven. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Prayer over the People

Confirm the hearts of your faithful, O Lord, we pray, and strengthen them by the power of your grace, that they may be constant in making supplication to you and sincere in love for one another. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

 

 

 

Meditation

Although it is easier to forgive than forget, we must realise that both are extremely difficult to live. Each time we see our offender, we remember the injustice or the judgemental attitude we suffered from, the things we were denied of, the cruelty meted on us instead of compassion. Is it possible to forget about what happened and move forward? Difficult of course but we need to make an effort to forgive our neighbours because by not forgiving them, we imprison ourselves the more and God may just pay us back in our coins.

SUNDAY 28 FEBRUARY

Second Sunday of Lent

PSALTER II

Violet

Entrance Antiphon: Cf. Ps 26: 8-9

Of you my heart has spoken, Seek his face. It is your face, O Lord, that I seek; hide not your face from me.

 

Collect

O God, who have commanded us to listen to your beloved Son, be pleased, we pray, to nourish us inwardly by your word, that, with spiritual sight made pure, we may rejoice to behold your glory. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading: Genesis 22:1-2,9-13,15-18

God put Abraham to the test. ‘Abraham, Abraham,’ he called. ‘Here I am,’ he replied. ‘Take your son,’ God said, ‘your only child Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah. There you shall offer him as a burnt offering, on a mountain I will point out to you.’ When they arrived at the place God had pointed out to him, Abraham built an altar there, and arranged the wood. Then he bound his son Isaac and put him on the altar on top of the wood. Abraham stretched out his hand and seized the knife to kill his son. But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven. ‘Abraham, Abraham,’ he said. ‘I am here,’ he replied. ‘Do not raise your hand against the boy,’ the angel said. ‘Do not harm him, for now I know you fear God. You have not refused me your son, your only son.’ Then looking up, Abraham saw a ram caught by its horns in a bush. Abraham took the ram and offered it as a burnt-offering in place of his son. The angel of the Lord called Abraham a second time from heaven. ‘I swear by my own self – it is the Lord who speaks – because you have done this, because you have not refused me your son, your only son, I will shower blessings on you, I will make your descendants as many as the stars of heaven and the grains of sand on the seashore. Your descendants shall gain possession of the gates of their enemies. All the nations of the earth shall bless themselves by your descendants, as a reward for your obedience.’

 

Psalm 115(116):10,15-19

R/     I will walk in the presence of the Lord in the land of the living.

 

1.      I trusted, even when I said: ‘I am sorely afflicted,’ O precious in the eyes of the Lord is the death of his faithful.

2.      Your servant, Lord, your servant am I; you have loosened my bonds. A thanksgiving sacrifice I make; I will call on the Lord’s name.

3.      My vows to the Lord I will fulfil before all his people, in the courts of the house of the Lord, in your midst, O Jerusalem.

 

Second reading: Romans 8:31-34

With God on our side who can be against us? Since God did not spare his own Son, but gave him up to benefit us all, we may be certain, after such a gift, that he will not refuse anything he can give. Could anyone accuse those that God has chosen? When God acquits, could anyone condemn? Could Christ Jesus? No! He not only died for us – he rose from the dead, and there at God’s right hand he stands and pleads for us.

 

Gospel Acclamation: Mt17:5

Glory and praise to you, O Christ! From the bright cloud the Father’s voice was heard: ‘This is my Son, the Beloved. Listen to him.’ Glory and praise to you, O Christ!

 

Gospel: Mark 9:2-10

Jesus took with him Peter and James and John and led them up a high mountain where they could be alone by themselves. There in their presence he was transfigured: his clothes became dazzlingly white, whiter than any earthly bleacher could make them. Elijah appeared to them with Moses; and they were talking with Jesus. Then Peter spoke to Jesus: ‘Rabbi,’ he said ‘it is wonderful for us to be here; so let us make three tents, one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.’ He did not know what to say; they were so frightened. And a cloud came, covering them in shadow; and there came a voice from the cloud, ‘This is my Son, the Beloved. Listen to him.’ Then suddenly, when they looked round, they saw no one with them any more but only Jesus. As they came down from the mountain he warned them to tell no one what they had seen, until after the Son of Man had risen from the dead. They observed the warning faithfully, though among themselves they discussed what ‘rising from the dead’ could mean.

Prayer over the Offerings

May this sacrifice, O Lord, we pray, cleanse us of our faults and sanctify your faithful in body and mind for the celebration of the paschal festivities. Through Christ our Lord.

Communion Antiphon: Mt. 17: 5

This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased; listen to him.

Prayer after Communion

As we receive these glorious mysteries, we make thanksgiving to you, O Lord, for allowing us while still on earth to be partakers even now of the things of heaven. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Prayer over the People

Bless your faithful, we pray, O Lord, with a blessing that endures for ever, and keep them faithful to the Gospel of your Only Begotten Son, so that they may always desire and at last attain that glory whose beauty he showed in his own Body, to the amazement of his Apostles. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

Meditation

The Lord himself is aware of the weakness of the human mind and its tendency to dampen quickly in the face of imminent threat, and so he shows his disciples a glimpse of what the end looks like as a way of strengthening their faith. As much as the transfiguration serves to strengthen the faith of the disciples, it also tells us who to pay attention to: Christ. In the journey of life, especially during Lent, we must not lose sight of Christ or give a deaf ear to his words. May the Lord open our eyes to see his glory and our minds to understand his words. Amen.

SATURDAY 27 FEBRUARY

St. Leander of Seville (534 – C. 600)

Leander was born in the year 534 in Carthage. Leander became a Benedictine monk and in 579 was made Bishop of Seville. Leander is responsible for introducing the Nicene Creed at Mass. Leander died around the year 600 and was succeeded by his brother, Isidore.

Violet

Entrance Antiphon:  Cf. Ps 18: 8

The law of the Lord is perfect; it revives the soul. The decrees of the Lord are steadfast; they give wisdom to the simple.

 

Collect

Turn our hearts to you, eternal Father, and grant that, seeking always the one thing necessary and carrying out works of charity, we may be dedicated to your worship. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading: Deuteronomy 26:16-19

Moses said to the people: ‘The Lord your God today commands you to observe these laws and customs; you must keep and observe them with all your heart and with all your soul. You have today made this declaration about the Lord: that he will be your God, but only if you follow his ways, keep his statutes, his commandments, his ordinances, and listen to his voice. And the Lord has today made this declaration about you: that you will be his very own people as he promised you, but only if you keep all his commandments; then for praise and renown and honour he will set you high above all the nations he has made, and you will be a people consecrated to the Lord, as he promised.’

 

Psalm 118 (119):1-2, 4-5, 7-8

R/ They are happy who follow God’s law!

 

1.      They are happy whose life is blameless, who follow God’s law! They are happy who do his will, seeking him with all their hearts.

2.      You have laid down your precepts to be obeyed with care. May my footsteps be firm to obey your statutes.

3.      I will thank you with an upright heart as I learn your decrees. I will obey your statutes; do not forsake me.

 

Gospel Acclamation: cf. Lk 8:15

Praise and honour to you, Lord Jesus! Blessed are those who,  with a noble and generous heart, take the word of God to themselves and yield a harvest through their perseverance. Praise and honour to you, Lord Jesus!

 

Gospel: Matthew 5:43-48

Jesus said to his disciples: ‘You have learnt how it was said: You must love your neighbour and hate your enemy. But I say this to you: love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you; in this way you will be sons of your Father in heaven, for he causes his sun to rise on bad men as well as good, and his rain to fall on honest and dishonest men alike. For if you love those who love you, what right have you to claim any credit? Even the tax collectors do as much, do they not? And if you save your greetings for your brothers, are you doing anything exceptional? Even the pagans do as much, do they not? You must therefore be perfect just as your heavenly Father is perfect.’

 

Prayer over the Offerings

May these blessed mysteries by which we are restored, O Lord, we pray, make us worthy of the gift they bestow. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Communion Antiphon: Mt. 5: 48

Be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect, says the Lord.

 

Prayer after Communion

Show unceasing favour, O Lord, to those you refresh with this divine mystery, and accompany with salutary consolations those you have imbued with heavenly teaching. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Prayer over the People

May the blessing for which they have longed strengthen your faithful, O God, so that, never straying from your will, they may always rejoice in your benefits. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

Meditation

The antidote to evil is love. It weakens the power of evil over time. Love is the strength of every Christian: Have you ever tried showing love to someone who is angry? It burns them up from the inside because you become the image of what they ought to be and they know it well and it hurts them. The aim, though, is not to hurt them with love. Loving sows a seed of change in them which will become useful in time.

FRIDAY 26 FEBRUARY

St. Alexander of Alexandria (250 – 328)

Alexander played an important role in the growth of the catechetical school at Alexandria. He fought against the heretical teachings of Arius. He died in 328.

 

Violet

Entrance Antiphon:Cf. Ps 24:  17-18

Set me free from my distress, O Lord. See my lowliness and suffering, and take away all my sins.

 

Collect

Grant that your faithful, O Lord, we pray, may be so conformed to the paschal observances, that the bodily discipline now solemnly begun may bear fruit in the souls of all. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

 

First reading: Ezekiel 18:21-28

Thus says the Lord: ‘If the wicked man renounces all the sins he has committed, respects my laws and is law-abiding and honest, he will certainly live; he will not die. All the sins he committed will be forgotten from then on; he shall live because of the integrity he has practised. What! Am I likely to take pleasure in the death of a wicked man – it is the Lord who speaks – and not prefer to see him renounce his wickedness and live?  But if the upright man renounces his integrity, commits sin, copies the wicked man and practises every kind of filth, is he to live? All the integrity he has practised shall be forgotten from then on; but this is because he himself has broken faith and committed sin, and for this he shall die. But you object, “What the Lord does is unjust.” Listen, you House of Israel: is what I do unjust? Is it not what you do that is unjust? When the upright man renounces his integrity to commit sin and dies because of this, he dies because of the evil that he himself has committed. When the sinner renounces sin to become law-abiding and honest, he deserves to live. He has chosen to renounce all his previous sins; he shall certainly live; he shall not die.’

 

Psalm 129(130)

R/     If you, O Lord, should mark our guilt, Lord, who would survive?

 

1.      Out of the depths I cry to you, O Lord, Lord, hear my voice! O let your ears be attentive to the voice of my pleading.

2. If you, O Lord, should mark our guilt, Lord, who would survive? But with you is found forgiveness: for this we revere you.

3. My soul is waiting for the Lord. I count on his word. My soul is longing for the Lord more than watchman for daybreak. (Let the watchman count on daybreak and Israel on the Lord.)

4.      Because with the Lord there is mercy and fullness of redemption, Israel indeed he will redeem from all its iniquity.

 

Gospel Acclamation: cf. Amos 5:14

Praise to you, O Christ, king of eternal glory! Seek good and not evil so that you may live, and that the Lord God of hosts may really be with you. Praise to you, O Christ, king of eternal glory!

 

Gospel: Matthew 5:20-26

Jesus said to his disciples: ‘If your virtue goes no deeper than that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will never get into the kingdom of heaven. You have learnt how it was said to our ancestors: You must not kill; and if anyone does kill he must answer for it before the court. But I say this to you: anyone who is angry with his brother will answer for it before the court; if a man calls his brother “Fool” he will answer for it before the Sanhedrin; and if a man calls him “Renegade” he will answer for it in hell fire. So then, if you are bringing your offering to the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your offering there before the altar, go and be reconciled with your brother first, and then come back and present your offering. Come to terms with your opponent in good time while you are still on the way to the court with him, or he may hand you over to the judge and the judge to the officer, and you will be thrown into prison. I tell you solemnly, you will not get out till you have paid the last penny.’

 

Prayer over the Offerings

Accept the sacrificial offerings, O Lord, by which, in your power and kindness, you willed us to be reconciled to yourself and our salvation to be restored. Through Christ our Lord.

 

Communion Antiphon: Ez 33: 11

As I live, says the Lord, I do not desire the death of the sinner, but rather that he turn back and live.

 

Prayer after Communion

May the holy refreshment of your Sacrament restore us anew, O Lord, and, cleansing us of old ways, take us up into the mystery of salvation. Through Christ our Lord

 

Prayer over the People

Look with favour on your people, O Lord, that what their observance outwardly declares it may inwardly bring about. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.

 

 

 

Meditation

The Law is meant to guide us, and help the weak build up their lives. Laws lead us to that which is essential. For example, the washing of hands is a symbol of purification. It should teach and lead the faithful to purify their thoughts and selves. But in most cases, we play the lawyer in life and forget the spirit behind every law. If I go to Mass on Sunday, then  I am holy and have not sinned, even if I come to church and remain distracted for the entire Mass. Legally I am right, but in essence I have fooled myself.